![]() The name Garuda is taken from the Hindu tradition, which is the name of Lord Vishnu's mount ( vahana) and was introduced in 1949. A Garuda Indonesia Douglas DC-8 at Kai Tak Airport in 1967 26 January 1949 is generally recognized as the airline's founding date. The first commercial flight from Calcutta to Rangoon was made on 26 January 1949, using a DC-3 Dakota aircraft with the tail number of "RI 001" and the name "Indonesian Airways". The first aircraft was a DC-3 known as Seulawah (Acehnese: "Gold Mountain", or from Arabic Shalawah, means praise/worship) and was purchased for a sum of 120,000 Malayan dollars, which was provided by the people of Aceh (notably local merchants). In its current institutional form, Garuda Indonesia had its beginnings in the Indonesian war of independence against the Dutch in the late 1940s, when Garuda flew special transports with a Douglas DC-3. KNILM was dissolved in 1947, and its assets were transferred to a new KLM subsidiary, KLM Interinsulair Bedrijf (KLM Interinsular Service), which was nationalized in December 1949. The earliest predecessor to Garuda Indonesia was KNILM, Royal Dutch Indies Airways, founded in 1928 during the Dutch colonial period despite the similar name, it was not a subsidiary of the main Dutch carrier KLM. It is a contribution from the Acehnese people. History Beginnings (1949–60s) Douglas DC-3 Seulawah, the first Garuda Indonesia aircraft on display in Taman Mini Indonesia Indah, Jakarta. ![]() In November 2018, the airline took over operations as well as financial management of Sriwijaya Air by a cooperation agreement (KSO) this expired in December 2019. ![]() The airline also operated a budget subsidiary, Citilink, which provided low-cost flights to multiple Indonesian destinations and was spun-off in 2012. In 2009, the airline undertook a five-year modernization plan known as the Quantum Leap, which overhauled the airline's brand, livery, logo and uniforms, as well as newer, more modern fleet and facilities and a renewed focus on international markets, and earning the airline awards such as Most Improved Airline, 5-Star Airline, and World's Best Cabin Crew by Skytrax. In the late 1990s and early 2000s, a series of financial and operational difficulties hit the airline hard, causing it to drastically cut back services. It is the only Indonesian airline that flies to European airspace.Īt its peak from the late 1980s to the mid-1990s, Garuda operated an extensive network of flights all over the world, with regularly scheduled services to Adelaide, Cairo, Fukuoka, Johannesburg, Los Angeles, Paris, Rome and other cities in Europe, Australia and Asia. A successor of KLM Interinsulair Bedrijf, it is a member of SkyTeam and the second-largest airline of Indonesia after Lion Air, operating scheduled flights to a number of destinations across Asia, Europe, and Australia from its hubs, focus cities, as well as other cities for Hajj. ![]() Garuda Indonesia is the flag carrier of Indonesia, headquartered at Soekarno–Hatta International Airport.
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Seed: dragon: 9.66°N and 43.38☎ (Coverage: 50%)Ī large protected area with lots of fertile lands. Small spaces at the very top in the mountains could serve as temporary housing.Ĥ.Relatively consistent weather and temperature.Has granite, sandstone, and limestone available.Secluded area with one entrance chokepoint.This kind of base is perfect for players that want one secluded area to be able to grow their colony away from the threats of the rim. Sure you might be saying that but consider this, upon further inspection, one can see that this kind of base has a readily available area at the upper left side of the map. Sporadic arrangements of mountains and hills.ĥ.Rocky mountains make for easily defendable colonies.Variety in building blocks gives the player choices.Tundra biomes are easier to manage with more consistent temperatures throughout the season.Why this seed is better than most actually: The mountains are made up of sandstone, granite, and limestone, making for a diverse set of building blocks granting the player freedom to choose what to build with. Located in a tundra biome, this seed is for players that want a much colder, consistent playthrough that has a more consistent temperature. Great for beginners who want a relaxing playthrough by the beach.Ħ.Large expansive area in the mountainous portion.Lots of fertile soil to grow your crops - easy food supply!.Big strong mountains to protect your squishy pawns.Easily defendable with lots of naturally fertile land, this seed will ensure your colony’s safety and development. The mountainous aggregate of slate and granite is contrasted by the relaxing coastal area that your pawns can take advantage of. ![]()
![]() I know the process was a pretty big deal last time, so when I woke up this morning I figured I’d just press record, and let you guys know first,” he said in an Instagram video. In January 2023, Tom announced that his second retirement from football and confirmed he was leaving the sport “for good.” “I’m retiring. One picture showed Gisele walking through a football stadium with their kids dressed in Tampa Bay Buccaneers merch. He wants to get through this and for things to get better.” The couple subsequently filed for divorce on October 28, 2022.Īfter Tom announced his retirement from professional football in January 2023, he honored his ex-wife with a series of photos on his Instagram Story of him, Gisele and their kids, Benjamin and Vivian. But I know they’re trying, or at least he’s trying, to figure it out and make it work. ![]() She was so happy when he announced his retirement, and she wasn’t thrilled at all when he went back on that,” the insider said. A source confirmed to People in September 2022 that there’s been “a lot of tension” between Tom and Gisele since his decision to unretire. Their second child, daughter Vivian Lake, was born in 2012. They welcomed their first child together, son Benjamin Rein, in 2009. Tom and Gisele got engaged in January 2009 and married a month later in February. And we kindly ask for privacy and respect as we navigate in what comes in the days and weeks ahead. However, we wish only the best for each other as we pursue whatever new chapters in our lives that are yet to be written. Doing so is, of course painful, and difficult, like it is for so many people who go through the same thing everyday around the world. “We arrived at this decision to end our marriage after much consideration. We will continue to work together as parents to always ensure they receive the love and attention they deserve. We are blessed with beautiful and wonderful children who will continue to be the center of our world in every way. We arrived at this decision amicably and with gratitude for the time we spent together. Tom posted an Instagram story with the caption, “In recent days, my wife and I finalized our divorce from one another after 13 years of marriage. The divorce was settled in Florida where the ex-couple resides. The Tampa Bay Buccaneers quarterback and the Victoria’s Secret model filed their divorce papers on October 29, 2022, after being married for over 13 years. ![]() Amid his divorce finalization with Gisele Bündchen, many football fans are asking: Who were Tom Brady’s girlfriends? ![]() This process basically removes all the old fluid from each brake line and replaces it with new, fresh fluid. To ensure your brake system has healthy and fresh brake fluid, a certified technician will conduct a brake system flush. Like most fluids in your car, the brake fluid needs to be replaced eventually, usually as a precautionary measure.īrake fluid can degrade by picking up dirt, metal, rubber debris, etc., over time. Here are some answers to FAQs on the brake system and brake fluid exchange: 1. If you can’t find the brake fluid reservoir, check your owner’s manual for help and other related data. To check the brake fluid level, take a look at the brake fluid reservoir located in your engine bay. You probably need an immediate brake fluid flush if you detect a brake fluid leak.Ī brake fluid leak hampers the braking efficiency since the force transmitted through the brake line is reduced. In such a case, you need a brake flush because driving with burnt brake fluid can lead to other major brake issues, including total brake failure. Common strange sounds include scraping or grinding noises.īurning smells after braking can also indicate that you’ve burnt out the brake fluid. If you hear strange sounds when braking, it could be due to low brake fluid or a different brake system issue. This system prevents your wheels from locking up to avert skids and maintains traction during braking.Īnd if your car has low brake fluid (which may translate to poor braking performance), it’ll automatically turn on the ABS system to allow safe braking. The ABS dashboard light indicates a problem with your anti-lock braking system. ![]() If so, it’s time for a brake fluid flush service. Inspect the brake fluid to see if it’s brown, black, or sludgy. Only they can tell if you need a brake job or another repair service to rectify your car’s brake performance. So it’s best to get your brake system components inspected by a certified technician. Bad braking efficiency can also happen due to an underlying problem, like damaged tire tread, shocks, or struts. However, it can also mean something else if the brake system is struggling, such as brake caliper, brake pad, or brake rotor issues. Poor brake performance can signify contaminated or bad brake fluid, which requires a brake flush. This indicates you need a brake fluid change. You may also notice that you need to push the brake pedal entirely to the bottom before it slows and stops your car. Over time, moisture will accumulate in the brake fluid (a hydraulic fluid), resulting in a spongy or soft feel when you press the brake pedal. However, you’ll also need a brake system flush when certain symptoms show up, like: 1. This’ll prevent a deeper, more expensive brake system repair - like total brake failure. For car maintenance, it’s recommended you get a brake fluid flush every two years or 30,000 miles, depending on your driving and braking patterns. This will be one of the main factors that have an effect on pricing. Keep in mind thought that most providers will normally be willing to rent scaffolding on a weekly basis. However, should you need to use for a longer or shorter period of time than this, your rental rate will be adjusted accordingly. In most cases, rental periods for scaffolding average between the six and eight week mark. Some other factors that can affect this include having to make allowance for working in tricky to reach areas or having to obtain permission to erect a temporary structure on public property, for example. The higher you need to have the scaffolding, the more expensive it’s going to be. These can include, but may not be limited to: 1. Several aspects will have an effect on the cost of scaffolding that you intend hiring or purchasing. When working at any form of height it provides a strong and stable platform to carry out the work, which in turn will increase productivity and decrease labour costs as more trades can work simultaneously and materials can be pre-loaded onto levels for easy access. There are jobs which simply cannot be carried out safely or efficiently with ladders. There are times when a scaffold system is required not just a luxury, such as when a new home is being built, or a roof replaced or even smaller jobs such as fixing a leaking conservatory roof. Although many levels can be incorporated into single scaffolding, each additional level will result in an increase in price being charged. These enable work to be done in challenging areas of a property, such as over a glass conservatory, in narrow alley areas and in spaces that are otherwise awkward or difficult to reach. Although it’s most often used outdoors, it can also come in handy for interior DIY, maintenance and repair projects as well – such as when light bulbs need to be replaced in vaulted ceilings, for instance.Ĭompanies that provide scaffolding will usually also be able to supply a range of handrails, ladders and other related accessories. Scaffolding consists of a setup of wooden or metal walking boards and steel poles that can be erected in order for tradespeople to work safely at various heights in or around a building. Get Free Scaffolding Quotes Online What is Scaffolding? ![]() This is when it becomes necessary to obtain pricing on the various scaffolding units that are available. At times like these, it makes more sense from a safety and practicality standpoint to make use of scaffolding.Īlthough many contractors have their own scaffolding, these smaller units are not always what is needed on a site. When undertaking DIY projects or even doing work elsewhere for a friend, family member or even a client, there will be situations where using a standard ladder to reach different parts of a building won’t be sufficient or even safe. ![]() (Mac) Made it impossible to perform the "Multiple Linear Regression" analysis from Survival data tables.(Mac) changed the minimum Mac Prism system requirements to macOS 10.12.(Mac) Enabled the "Reverse legend order" option for the Color legend of multiple variable graphs.(Mac) Made it impossible to edit labels of categorical size legends on multiple variable graphs.(Mac) Made it possible to change the fill color and pattern for multiple variable graph legends from the contextual menu. ![]()
![]() Large raindrops have a large amount of air resistance, and begin to become unstable.Larger raindrops become flattened at the bottom due to air resistance.Very small raindrops are almost spherical.Contrary to popular belief, raindrops are never tear-shaped.Coalescence and fragmentation The shape of raindrops depending upon their size: It can also form due to the lifting of advection fog during breezy conditions. Stratus is a stable cloud deck which tends to form when a cool, stable air mass is trapped underneath a warm air mass. Elevated portions of weather fronts (which are three-dimensional in nature) force broad areas of upward motion within the Earth's atmosphere which form clouds decks such as altostratus or cirrostratus. Water vapor normally begins to condense on condensation nuclei such as dust, ice, and salt in order to form clouds. The main ways water vapor is added to the air are wind convergence into areas of upward motion, precipitation or virga falling from above, daytime heating evaporating water from the surface of oceans, water bodies or wet land, transpiration from plants, cool or dry air moving over warmer water, and lifting air over mountains. Evaporative cooling occurs when moisture is added to the air through evaporation, which forces the air temperature to cool to its wet-bulb temperature, or until it reaches saturation. Radiational cooling occurs due to the emission of infrared radiation, either by the air or by the surface underneath. Conductive cooling occurs when the air comes into contact with a colder surface, usually by being blown from one surface to another, for example from a liquid water surface to colder land. The air can rise due to convection, large-scale atmospheric motions, or a physical barrier such as a mountain ( orographic lift). Adiabatic cooling occurs when air rises and expands. There are four main mechanisms for cooling the air to its dew point: adiabatic cooling, conductive cooling, radiational cooling, and evaporative cooling. The dew point is the temperature to which a parcel must be cooled in order to become saturated. Therefore, one way to saturate a parcel of air is to cool it. Warmer air can contain more water vapor than cooler air before becoming saturated. How much water vapor a parcel of air can contain before it becomes saturated (100% relative humidity) and forms into a cloud (a group of visible and tiny water and ice particles suspended above the Earth's surface) depends on its temperature. The amount of moisture in the air is also commonly reported as relative humidity which is the percentage of the total water vapor air can hold at a particular air temperature. Rainfall amounts can be estimated by weather radar.Īir contains water vapor, and the amount of water in a given mass of dry air, known as the mixing ratio, is measured in grams of water per kilogram of dry air (g/kg). Climate classification systems such as the Köppen classification system use average annual rainfall to help differentiate between differing climate regimes. The globally averaged annual precipitation over land is 715 mm (28.1 in), but over the whole Earth, it is much higher at 990 mm (39 in). Global warming is also causing changes in the precipitation pattern globally, including wetter conditions across eastern North America and drier conditions in the tropics. The urban heat island effect leads to increased rainfall, both in amounts and intensity, downwind of cities. The movement of the monsoon trough, or intertropical convergence zone, brings rainy seasons to savannah climes. On the leeward side of mountains, desert climates can exist due to the dry air caused by downslope flow which causes heating and drying of the air mass. ![]() In mountainous areas, heavy precipitation is possible where upslope flow is maximized within windward sides of the terrain at elevation which forces moist air to condense and fall out as rainfall along the sides of mountains. If enough moisture and upward motion is present, precipitation falls from convective clouds (those with strong upward vertical motion) such as cumulonimbus (thunder clouds) which can organize into narrow rainbands. ![]() ![]() The major cause of rain production is moisture moving along three-dimensional zones of temperature and moisture contrasts known as weather fronts. It provides water for hydroelectric power plants, crop irrigation, and suitable conditions for many types of ecosystems. Rain is a major component of the water cycle and is responsible for depositing most of the fresh water on the Earth. Rain is water droplets that have condensed from atmospheric water vapor and then fall under gravity. Widely used and supported: The Git version control system is popular and widely used by many developers.It also helps in tracking changes and attributing them to the correct contributor. Collaboration support: Git is built with collaboration in mind, allowing multiple developers to work on the same project simultaneously without conflicts.Merging changes back into the main branch is a simple process. Branching and merging capabilities: The use of Git branching and merging features allows developers to work on distinct features or bug fixes in separate branches to maintain stability in the main codebase.After reconnecting to the internet, the changes can be synchronized with the remote repository. Distributed nature allows for offline work: Developers can work on their local Git repositories by making changes and committing them even when offline due to Git’s distributed nature.Its design prioritizes performance while minimizing resource usage. Efficient and fast: Git’s fast and efficient operations make it ideal for managing large, complex codebases with many contributors. ![]() Git offers several advantages that make it the go-to choice for version control and collaboration. It's never too late to ✨ Git organized ✨ (Ha! See what I did there?) Check out this guide ⬇️ Click to Tweet Advantages of Using Git Airbnb: Git is an integral part of Airbnb’s software development workflow, enabling their engineering teams to collaborate on various projects.Adobe: Adobe utilizes Git for version control and collaboration across their software development teams.Google: Google relies on Git for managing the source code for Android, Chromium, and numerous other projects.Microsoft: Git powers the version control behind many of Microsoft’s software projects, including the open-source.Many well-known companies use Git, including: It’s an essential tool for managing large codebases, coordinating work among team members, and maintaining a project’s history. Git is used by a wide range of individuals, including software developers, open-source project contributors, and system administrators. When multiple developers are working on the same project, they can all “push” and “pull” changes to the repository to keep everyone’s version of the code up-to-date. ![]() It is a powerful tool that stores your source code in repositories, which are just like folders where you can store files. Created by Linus Torvalds in 2005, Git is a distributed version control system that helps you keep track of changes in your source code and allows for seamless collaboration among developers. ![]() Before diving into the installation steps, let’s take a brief moment to understand what Git is all about. ![]() Masters et al (1979) showed that appropriateness was important in retention, because children were more influenced by whether a toy was labelled as a girls or boys than by the sex of the model who played with it.īandura (1977) observes that people with higher self-efficacy believe they can exert more control over their lives they may try to imitate more complex behaviour and make more effort to succeed. What are the four cognitive processes in Albert Bandura's social cognitive theory Bandura's social cognitive theory entails paying attention, retention, reproduction and motivation. They showed children same sex and opposite sex adult models picking fruit and found that children tended to pick the same fruit as their same sex models. Perry and Bussey (1979) showed the importance of similarity in attention. The role of these mediating processes has been shown in various studies. Cognition includes all conscious and unconscious processes by which knowledge is accumulated, such as perceiving, recognizing, conceiving, and reasoning. These can include responses to past experience and expectations about future benefits. These includes physical ability, but also the learner’s self esteem and self-efficacy.įactors that influence how a learner responds to reinforcement. These include the appropriateness of the behaviour to the role model.įactors that influence whether a learner believes they should imitate the behaviour they have acquired. These may include the learner’s interpretation of the role model’s power, attractiveness and similarity.įactors that influence whether a learner identifies with a role model and remembers the behaviours their role model produces. In Social Learning Theory, these are the factors that affect whether learners identify with models, imitate them and how they respond to reinforcement.īandura refers to Attention factors, Retention factors, Reproduction factors and Motivation factors.įactors that influence whether a learner pays attention to a role model. Participants were 234 children between the ages of 7 0 and 11 11 (117 TD and 117 DLD) who. PMID: 34623910 PMCID: PMC8500506.Mediating cognitive factors are internal mental processes that lie between the stimulus and response. The purpose of this study was to investigate the dimensionality of the cognitive processes related to memory capacity and language ability and to assess the magnitude of the relationships among these processes in children developing typically (TD) and children with developmental language disorder (DLD). Transformative neural representations support long-term episodic memory. Liu J, Zhang H, Yu T, Ren L, Ni D, Yang Q, Lu B, Zhang L, Axmacher N, Xue G. Encoding, storage and retrieval processes of the memory and the implications for motor practice in stroke patients. reading) -Memory: remember episodes, information, and intentions when we attempt to retrieve them -Decision Making: both helpful and. brightly colored sign) -Language Processes: help us communicate our thoughts and ideas (i.e. doi:10.1016/j.neunet.2015.02.010Ĭampos TF, Barroso MT, de Lara Menezes AA. List four cognitive processes studied by cognitive psychologists -Attentional Processes: focus on stimuli (i.e. ![]() Hierarchical neural networks perform both serial and parallel processing. doi:10.1098/rsos.191553Īgliari E, Barra A, Galluzzi A, Guerra F, Tantari D, Tavani F. Distinguishing between parallel and serial processing in visual attention from neurobiological data. Li K, Kadohisa M, Kusunoki M, Duncan J, Bundesen C, Ditlevsen S. ![]() Remembering the Father of Cognitive Psychology. doi:10.1037/a0039035Īssociation for Psychological Science. George Miller's magical number of immediate memory in retrospect: Observations on the faltering progression of science. This theory developed as a result of Miller's work on the limited capacity of short-term memory and has been used to explain cognitive phenomena such as learning, problem-solving, and decision-making.Ĭowan N. Hierarchical Processing Theory: This model suggests that different levels of complexity exist within cognitive processes, with higher-level tasks requiring more complex mental operations than lower-level tasks.It argues against the concept of a limited capacity for short-term memory since various pieces of information can be stored and processed simultaneously. The Growing Child: Preschool (4 to 5 Years) The Growing Child: 3-Year-Olds. Parallel Processing Theory: This theory suggests that multiple pieces of information can be processed simultaneously instead of sequentially. This means being aware of the act of thought processes.Each piece of information is held in short-term memory until the next piece of information comes in, and then it is transferred to long-term memory or discarded if it is no longer relevant. Serial Processing Theory: This theory proposes that information is processed one step at a time in the order received. ![]() Within businesses, they can boost productivity. More than just SMS, they can be used to maintain contact over long distances with friends or colleagues, sending life updates or just silly gifs to lighten the mood.Ĭhat apps can be useful for brands, offering a brilliant place to interact with customers informally and instantly, allowing reactive customer service. ![]() Advantages of using a messaging appīecause they work through internet connections, messaging apps can be accessed from anywhere a user has access to the net – and given the prevalence of Wi-Fi and 4G, that’ s about anywhere. But nowadays, these apps are available across iPhone, Android, PCs, often don’t require a phone number, and support some standout features beyond simple emojis. They’ve been around a while – think back to MSN and AIM. While traditional text messages require a mobile network, instant messaging apps function over the internet. What is a messaging app?Ī messaging app is a platform that allows the user to send and receive messages in real-time. Separated colleagues use them for catch-ups and meetings, and some businesses are even employing them as project management tools. While we’re accustomed to using messaging apps in our private lives, they’re taking off in workplaces too. They’ve become yet more pervasive during global lockdowns, as we form communities online and keep up with friends and family over the internet. ![]() Messaging apps are an integral part of our lives. Choosing the best messaging app for your business.A brief review of the best messaging apps.4 essential features of a great messaging app. |
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